Stake Ether

Lido is a liquid staking solution for Beacon chain backed by industry-leading staking providers. Lido lets users stake their ETH - without locking tokens or maintaining infrastructure - whilst participating in on-chain activities, e.g. lending.

Our goal is to solve the problems associated with initial Beacon chain staking - illiquidity, immovability and accessibility - making staked ETH liquid and allowing for participation with any amount of ETH to improve security of the Ethereum network.

As part of our continuing efforts to be a force for decentralization, we have published a scorecard for community input and accountability.

Learn more here

When staking with Lido, users receive stETH tokens which are issued 1:1 to their initial stake. stETH balances can be used like regular ETH to get rewards, and are updated on a daily basis to reflect your ETH staking rewards. Note that there are no lock-ups or minimum deposits when staking with Lido.

When using Lido, users receive staking rewards in real-time, and they also can use staked tokens across the DeFi ecosystem to compound rewards.

Liquid staking protocols allow users to get staking rewards without locking tokens or maintaining staking infrastructure. Users can deposit tokens and receive tradable liquid tokens in return. The DAO-controlled smart contract stakes these tokens using elected staking providers. As users funds are controlled by the DAO, staking providers never have direct access to the users' tokens.

stETH is a token that represents staked ether in Lido, combining the value of initial deposit + staking rewards. stETH tokens are minted upon deposit and burned when redeemed. stETH token balances are issued 1:1 to the ethers that are staked by Lido. stETH token's balances are updated when the oracle reports change in total stake every day.

stETH tokens can be used as one would use ether, allowing you to get Beacon chain staking rewards whilst benefiting from e.g. rewards across decentralized finance products.

LDO is an Ethereum token granting governance rights in the Lido DAO. The Lido DAO governs a set of liquid staking protocols, decides on key parameters (e.g., fees) and executes protocol upgrades to ensure efficiency and stability. By holding the LDO token, one is granted voting rights within the Lido DAO. The more LDO locked in a user's voting contract, the greater the decision-making power the voter gets.

• Open-sourcing & continuous review of all code.
• Committee of elected, best-in-class validators to minimise staking risk.
• Use of non-custodial staking service to eliminate counterparty risk.
• Use of DAO for governance decisions & to manage risk factors.

Usually when staking ETH you choose only one validator. In the case of Lido you stake across many validators, minimising your staking risk.

Lido Insurance fund can cover most of the slashing risks. Read more about risk scenarios here

In case of a widespread slashing incident (which is still possible, but unlikely to happen given the quality of the Lido validator set and its proven track record) the decision to recover losses from this Insurance fund will be made based on the vote of the Lido DAO.

• Bridge Mutual
• Idle Finance
• Nexus Mutual
• Ribbon Finance
• Chainproof

Check with providers for coverage and insurer conditions.

Ethereum is soon to be the biggest staking economy in the space. However, staking on Beacon chain requires expert knowledge and complex and costly infrastructure. There are several reasons why - the main being the fact that slashing and offline penalties can get very severe if the staking is managed improperly. In addition to this, self-staking brings with it a minimum deposit of 32 ETH and a token lock-up which could last years.

Through the use of a liquid self-staking service such as Lido, users can eliminate these inconveniences and receive rewards from non-custodial staking backed by industry leaders.

There exist a number of potential risks when staking ETH using liquid staking protocols.

• Smart contract security

  There is an inherent risk that Lido could contain a smart contract vulnerability or bug. The Lido code is open-sourced, audited and covered by an extensive bug bounty program to minimise this risk. To mitigate smart contract risks, all of the core Lido contracts are audited. Audit reports can be found here. Besides, Lido is covered with a massive Immunefi bug bounty program.

• Beacon chain - Technical risk

  Lido is built atop experimental technology under active development, and there is no guarantee that Beacon chain has been developed error-free. Any vulnerabilities inherent to Beacon chain brings with it slashing risk, as well as stETH fluctuation risk.

• Beacon chain - Adoption risk

  The value of stETH is built around the staking rewards associated with the Ethereum beacon chain. If Beacon chain fails to reach required levels of adoption we could experience significant fluctuations in the value of ETH and stETH.

• DAO key management risk

  On early stages of Lido, slightly more than 600k ETH became held across multiple accounts backed by a multi-signature threshold scheme to minimize custody risk. If signatories across a certain threshold lose their key shares, get hacked or go rogue, we risk these funds (<13% of total stake as of October 2022) becoming locked.

• Slashing risk

  Beacon chain validators risk staking penalties, with up to 100% of staked funds at risk if validators fail. To minimise this risk, Lido stakes across multiple professional and reputable node operators with heterogeneous setups, with additional mitigation in the form of self-coverage.

• stETH price risk

  Users risk an exchange price of stETH which is lower than inherent value due to withdrawal restrictions on Lido, making arbitrage and risk-free market-making impossible. The Lido DAO is driven to mitigate above risks and eliminate them entirely to the extent possible. Despite this, they may still exist and, as such, it is our duty to communicate them.

The Lido DAO is driven to mitigate the above risks and eliminate them entirely to the extent possible. Despite this, they may still exist.

Lido applies a N/A fee on a user's staking rewards. This fee is split between node operators and the Lido DAO.

While there's no way to withdraw ETH from staking until withdrawals are enabled on the Beacon chain, stETH holders may exchange their stETH to ETH on liquidity pools such as Curve or Balancer.